President Obama to Sign Historic Legislation Reducing Crack/Powder Cocaine Sentencing Disparity Today

Press Release August 2, 2010
Media Contact

<p>
Tony Newman at 646-335-5384 or Bill Piper at 202-669-6430</p>

Today, President Obama is expected to sign bi-partisan legislation into law reducing the two-decades-old sentencing disparity between crack and powder cocaine offenses. The U.S. House of Representatives passed the legislation last week on a voice vote. The Senate passed an identical bill unanimously in March.

"President Obama said on his campaign trail that he would reform the crack/powder disparity and thanks to leadership in Congress he has made good on his promise," said Bill Piper, director of national affairs for the Drug Policy Alliance. "By signing this reform into law President Obama will save taxpayer money, reduce racial disparities, and better prioritize federal law enforcement towards major crime syndicates instead of low-level offenders."

Before the changes, a person with just five grams of crack received a mandatory sentence of five years in prison. That same person would have to possess 500 grams of powder cocaine to earn the same punishment. This discrepancy, known as the 100-to-1 ratio, was enacted in the late 1980s and was based on myths about crack cocaine being more dangerous than powder. Scientific evidence, including a major study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, has proven that crack and powder cocaine have identical physiological and psychoactive effects on the human body.

The 100-1 ratio has caused myriad problems, including perpetuating racial disparities, wasting taxpayer money, and targeting low-level offenders instead of dangerous criminals. African Americans comprise 82 percent of those convicted for federal crack cocaine offenses but only 30 percent of crack users, and 62 percent of people convicted for crack offenses were low-level sellers or lookouts.

Advocates pushed to totally eliminate the disparity but ultimately a compromise was struck between Democrats and Republicans to reduce the 100-to-1 disparity to 18-to-1. The compromise also eliminated the five year mandatory minimum sentence for simple possession of five grams of cocaine (about two sugar packets worth). The repeal of that mandatory minimum is the first repeal of a mandatory minimum drug sentence since the 1970s. Overall, the compromise bill is expected to reduce the federal prison population by thousands of offenders and save an estimated $42 million in criminal justice spending over the first five years.

"I'm overjoyed that thousands of people, mostly African American, will no longer be unjustly subjected to the harsh sentencing laws enacted in the 1980s," said Jasmine Tyler, deputy director of national affairs. "The compromise is not perfect and more needs to be done, but this is a huge step forward in reforming our country's overly harsh and wasteful drug laws."
 

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